ಪುಟ:1820 A Grammar Of The Carnataca Language.djvu/೧೭೮

160 A GRAMMAR OF THE the owner of the village ; adiou Wratu my horse; evrBodeisoma herd of elephants ; 206 3.600 wi the branch of a tree; w Ny tera a gold ring. The locative case is used to point out the place where any thing is ; to denote the superlative degree ; to express descent on any object; to point out the superiority or inferiority of a thing; and to denote instrumentality; as గద్దుగియల్లి సూరిద్దను he was sitting upon the throne; మృగగళల్లసిండు పుత్రికష్ట పాదద్దు the lion is the greatest amongst the animals ; భూమియల్ల బిభువవషణవు the rain that falls upon the earth ; అవ నువిచ్ఛియల్లి శ్రీ స్టను he is superior is learning; శత్రియల్లి or శరీయిం ద మాయామాడిదను he wounded with a sword. The affix nyoos is sometimes added to this case, to denote motion out of any thing or place; as అవనుమనియల్లిందబందను he came out of the house ; Bezpatgo como suger 74 5763he took money out of the box and gave it. The vocative always precedes the verb ; as duar sot ngon O Rama ! protect me. Nouns denoting animals and inanimate objects, are sometimes used in the vocative case by way of personification ; as aripiavoooowo parrot ! speak; caso 3pm seu O tree! hear. In nouns of all the declensions, the vocative singular may be formed either by using the crude nouo, by lengthening the final vowel of the crude noun, or by adding the particles or J to the dominative. Feminise nouns of the singular number terminating in the syllable çu, are, however, rendered vocative by adding only the affixes a or S to the nominative ; as diad, diavo, daar 3 or ojacas O Ráma! wat may or woX RO s o northern woman ! The vocative plural is formed by adding the affixes 2 or 5,920 orra da, to the comiuative plural; but such nouns of the plural number as terminate Digitized by Google