ಸಹಾಯ:Table

A wikitable is an arrangement of columns and rows used to organize and position data. Tables are useful, and there are many ways and tricks that can be used. By design this page covers only the basics of table usage, more extensive direction and examples are available at MediaWiki Help:Tables and Wikipedia w:Help:Table or w:Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables. A section on Wikisource specific formatting for tables used for typography and layout is also included here.

For a better understanding of how tables offer flexible formatting options, adjust the width of your browser window while observing the changes to the examples below. The Complex example is particularly interesting.

Wiki table markup summary

{|	table start
|+	table caption, optional; only between table start and first table row
|-	table row, optional on first row -- wiki engine assumes the first row
!	table header cell, optional. Consecutive table header cells may be added on the same line separated by double marks (!!) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (!).
|	table data cell, required! Consecutive table data cells may be added on the same line separated by double marks (||) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (|).
|}	table end

• The above marks must start on a new line except the double || and !! for optionally adding consecutive cells to a line. However, blank spaces at the beginning of a line are ignored.
• XHTML attributes. Each mark, except table end, optionally accepts one or more XHTML attributes. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark. Separate attributes from each other with a single space.
  • Cells and caption (| or ||, ! or !!, and |+) hold content. So separate any attributes from content with a single pipe (|). Cell content may follow on the same line or on following lines.
  • Table and row marks ({| and |-) do not directly hold content. Do not add pipe (|) after their optional attributes. If a pipe is added improperly after attributes for the table mark or row mark, the parser will delete it and any final attribute that was touching the improper pipe!
• Content may (a) follow its cell mark on the same line after any optional XHTML attributes or (b) on lines below the cell mark. Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as lists, headings, or nested tables, must be on its own new line.
• Escaping to insert a pipe (|) character into a table use the <nowiki> markup

Simple Examples

A simple table

{|
| A simple table
|}

As it appears in a browser:

A simple table

A more complex example

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:80%;"
|+ Table caption
|-
|
! scope="col" | Header col. A
! scope="col" | Header col. B
! scope="col" | Header col. C
! scope="col" | Header col. D
|-
! scope="row" | Header row 1
|cell R1-A
|cell R1-B
|cell R1-C
|cell R1-D
|-
! scope="row" | Header row 2
|cell R2-A
|cell R2-B
|cell R2-C
|cell R2-D
|-
! scope="row" | Header row 3
|cell R3-A
|cell R3-B
|cell R3-C
|cell R3-D
|-
! scope="row" | Header row 4
|cell R4-A
|cell R4-B
|cell R4-C
|cell R4-D
|}

As it appears in a browser:

Table caption

	Header col. A	Header col. B	Header col. C	Header col. D
Header row 1	cell R1-A	cell R1-B	cell R1-C	cell R1-D
Header row 2	cell R2-A	cell R2-B	cell R2-C	cell R2-D
Header row 3	cell R3-A	cell R3-B	cell R3-C	cell R3-D
Header row 4	cell R4-A	cell R4-B	cell R4-C	cell R4-D

Formatting for Effect

This section address the use of tables for the recreation of printed typography and layout on Wikisource. As a general rule Wikisource does not attempt to recreate the identical formatting of the original published work. The conversion from print to electronic formatting means the work will be available on a multitude of different devices with differing screen sizes so for the most part it is counter productive to attempt to recreate to the limitations of printing on paper. At the same time, occasionally a portion of a printed work is created specifically with the limitations of paper in mind, which must be maintained in order to convey the intended meaning to the reader.

• Template:Table style lists multiple choices for formatting cells, rows and columns in tables. These shortcuts are designed specifically for use on Wikisource.

• m:Combined use of COLSPAN and ROWSPAN to force alignment, like this

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3
A	B
	C	D
E	F
G
H

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|-
| Column 1 || Column 2 || Column 3
|-
| rowspan="2"| A
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | B
|-
| C <!-- column 1 occupied by cell A -->
| D 
|-
| E
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | F
|- 
| G <!-- column 2+3 occupied by cell F -->
|- 
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | H
|}

Simple

Good example of table used to force layout used in Wikisource From Page:Latin for beginners (1911).djvu/392

Text

Nom. Sing.—— Base —— Declension Singular Plural Nom. —— —— Gen. —— —— Dat. —— —— Ace. —— —— Abl. —— ——

Columns

Nom. Gen. Dat. Ace. Abl.

Singular ———— ———— ———— ———— ————

Nom. Sing.—— Base—— Declension

Plural ———— ———— ———— ———— ————

Tables

• Design notes
  • 3 columns
  • 9 rows
    • 3 rows / 3 columns wide (colspan="3"), center align (style="text-align:center;")
    • 1 row / first cell empty / last 2 left align
    • 5 rows / left align

• Formatting highlights

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 1 of 3
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 2 of 3
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 3 of 3
|-
| || Column 2 || Column 3
|-
| Column 1 || Column 2 || Column 3
|-
|}

1 of 3
2 of 3
3 of 3
	Column 2	Column 3
Column 1	Column 2	Column 3

Nom. Sing.——
Base ——
Declension
	Singular	Plural
Nom.	_____	_____
Gen.	_____	_____
Dat.	_____	_____
Ace.	_____	_____
Abl.	_____	_____

Moderate

From Page:Latin for beginners (1911).djvu/401

Text

Verb Present Infinitive Present Stem sing. plur. Indicative Mood Present Imperfect Tense sign -bā- Future Tense signs I, II, -bi-, III, IV, -ā-, -ē- Imperative Mood Present

Columns

Verb Indicative Mood Imperative Mood

Present Infinitive Present Imperfect Tense sign -bā- Future Tense signs I, II, -bi-, III, IV, -ā-, -ē- Present

Present Stem sing. 1.———— 2.———— 3.———— 1.———— 2.———— 3.———— 1.———— 2.———— 3.———— 2.————

plur. 1.———— 2.———— 3.———— 1.———— 2.———— 3.———— 1.———— 2.———— 3.———— 2.————

Tables

• Design notes
  • 4 columns
  • 12 rows
    • row 1 / first cell, single / second cell, single / 3&4 join
    • row 2 / first 2 cells empty / last 2 singles
    • row 3-11 column 1 Join (rowspan="9")
    • row 3-5 join column 2 single / last 2 singles
    • row 6-8 join column 2 single / last 2 singles
    • row 9-11 join column 2 single / last 2 singles
    • row 12 / first cell, single / column 2 single / last 2 singles

• Formatting Highlights (abbreviated version), This example does not add width or height to the empty cells, they are added in the complex example.

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|-
| Column 1 || Column 2 || colspan="2"|Column 3 & 4
|-
| rowspan="3" | Row 1 - 3, Column 1 || Column 2 || Column 3 || Column 4
|-
|  Column 2 || Column 3 || Column 4
|-
|  Column 2 || Column 3 || Column 4
|-
|}

Verb	Present Infinitive	Present Stem
		sing.	plur.
Indicative Mood	Present Infinitive
	Imperfect Tense sign -bā-
	Future Tense signs I, II, -bi-, III, IV, -ā-, -ē-
Imperative Mood	Present

Complex

From Page:Latin for beginners (1911).djvu/407

Text

Verb

Prin. Parts

Stems

Active Voice Passive Voice

Pres. Stem Perf. Stem Pres. Stem Perf. Stem

Indicative Indicative

Pres. Perf. Pres. Perf.

Impf. (-bā-) Plup. (-erā-) Impf. (-bā-) Plup.

Fut.(-bi- or -ā- and -ē-) Fut. Perf. (-eri-) Fut.(-bi- or -ā- and -ē-) Fut. Perf.

Imperative Imperative

Pres. Pres.

Infinitive Infinitive

Pres. Perf. Pres. Perf.

Fut. (Part. Stem)

Columns

Verb ― Prin. Parts ― ― ― ― Stems ― ― ― Active Voice Passive Voice Pres. Stem — Perf. Stem — Pres. Stem — Perf. Stem — Indicative Indicative Pres. 1. — — Perf. 1. — — Pres. 1. — — Perf. 1. — — 2. — — 2. — — 2. — — 2. — — 3. — — 3. — — 3. — — 3. — — Impf.
(-bā-) 1. — — Plup.
(-erā-) 1. — — Impf.
(-bā-) 1. — — Plup.
(-erā-) 1. — — 2. — — 2. — — 2. — — 2. — — 3. — — 3. — — 3. — — 3. — — Fut.
(-bi- or
-ā- and -ē-) 1. — — Fut.
Perf.
(-eri-) 1. — — Fut.
(-bi- or
-ā- and -ē-) 1. — — Fut.
Perf.
(-eri-) 1. — — 2. — — 2. — — 2. — — 2. — — 3. — — 3. — — 3. — — 3. — — Imperative   Imperative   Pres. 2. — —   Pres. 2. — —   Infinitive Infinitive Pres. — Perf. — Pres. — Perf. — Fut. — (Part. Stem)  

Tables

• Formatting Highlights (abbreviated version),

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|-
| colspan="8" |Columns 1 - 8
|-
| colspan="2" | Columns 1 & 2  || colspan="2" | Columns 3 & 4 || colspan="2" | Columns 5 & 6 || colspan="2" | Columns 7 & 8
|-
| colspan="4" | {{center|{{sc|Columns 1 - 4}}}} <!-- To many commands for using double pipe (||) breaks with imbedded templates -->
| colspan="4" | {{center|{{sc|Columns 5 - 8}}}}
|- 
| colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | {{sc|Columns 1 - 4}} || colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | {{sc|Columns 5 - 8}} <!--Formatting cell to center, double pipe (||) breaks ok -->
|- style="height:2em" <!-- setting height with em makes it twice the height of the font, which as it is not set by a table parameter is the user/browser setting -->
| rowspan="3"| {{sc|Column 1, row 5 - 7}} || || rowspan="3"| {{sc|Column 3, row 5 - 7}} ||  || rowspan="3"| {{sc|Column 5, row 5 - 7}} || || rowspan="3"| {{sc|Column 7, row 5 - 7}} ||  
|- style="height:2em"
|  ||  ||  || 
|- style="height:2em"
|  width="12.5%"| || width="12.5%"| || width="12.5%"| || width="12.5%"| <!-- Give width to empty cells, only required on one row -->
|}

Columns 1 - 8
Columns 1 & 2		Columns 3 & 4		Columns 5 & 6		Columns 7 & 8
Columns 1 - 4				Columns 5 - 8
Columns 1 - 4				Columns 5 - 8
Column 1, row 5 - 7		Column 3, row 5 - 7		Column 5, row 5 - 7		Column 7, row 5 - 7

• Full Example

Verb
Prin. Parts
Stems
Active Voice				Passive Voice
Pres. Stem		Perf. Stem		Pres. Stem		Perf. Stem
Indicative				Indicative
Pres.		Perf.		Pres.		Perf.
Impf. (-bā-)		Plup. (-erā-)		Impf. (-bā-)		Plup.
Fut.(-bi- or -ā- and -ē-)		Fut. Perf. (-eri-)		Fut.(-bi- or -ā- and -ē-)		Fut. Perf.
Imperative				Imperative
Pres.				Pres.
Infinitive				Infinitive
Pres.		Perf.		Pres.		Perf.
Fut.		(Part. Stem)

Spanning Pages

When a single table spans two printed pages, the desire is to have both pages appear correctly in both the Page: namespace, and when it's transcluded.

Use the header and the footer to close and open the tables in the page name space, when transcluded it will read as one table.

Example: Page:The Works of Lord Byron (ed. Coleridge, Prothero) - Volume 2.djvu/25 has the closing of the first page in the footer. While Page:The Works of Lord Byron (ed. Coleridge, Prothero) - Volume 2.djvu/26 has the opening of the second page in the header. Which causes it to function as one table on The Works of Lord Byron (ed. Coleridge, Prothero)/Poetry/Volume 2/Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.

See: Tables across page breaks

Adding CSS Styles

The Table Style template allows fine-grain styling of tables and table cells. For example {{ts|bl.|brd|ac|xs|}} sets a cell to have a left dotted border, a double right border, text center aligned and 69% font size.

xxx

Cell contents

yyy

See also

• Tables across page breaks
• The Table Style Template

Other wikis

• m:Wiki color formatting help
• m:Help:Text color
• m:Help:Reference card
• w:Help:Wiki markup